GST 112 Test Compilations 12

Nigerian History & Key Dates

• The **National Youth Service Corps (NYSC)** was established in **1973**.
• The **Womens Commission** was created under the regime of **General Ibrahim Babangida**.
• **Kaduna** became the capital of Nigeria's former Northern Region in **1917**.
• The **United African Company** moved its base to Sapele in **1935**.
• The king of Lagos that ceded territory to the British in 1861 was **Oba Dosunmu**.
• The First Nigerian governor to introduce the **Sharia Penal Code** in 1999/2000 was **Ahmed Sanni Yerima**.

Founders & Rulers

• The founder of the royal dynasties of Benin with a link to Ife was **Oranmiyan**.
• In the "constitutional village monarchies" of Onitsha, Oguta, Osommari, and Aboh, the ruler is known as the **Obi**.
• **Queen Amina of Zaria** was most important as a **Warrior**.
• The obligation of the Princes was written for the Hausa leader **Sarki Rumfa**.
• The ancestor of the Hausa people is considered to be **Bayajidda**.

Major Events & Movements

• The **Second World War** stimulated a sense of **Nationalism** in Nigerians.
• The **Aburi agreements** favored **Confederalism**.
• During the **Nigerian Civil War**, the **United States refused to sell arms to either of the belligerents**.
• The Federal Government's use of "police action" during the Nigerian Civil War aimed to **capture Ojukwu and end secession**.

Culture & Society

• Earliest evidence of human habitation in Nigeria came from artifacts excavated in **Iwo-Eleru**.
• A child learns about his/her culture through **Socialization**.
• A young person's death is usually **Mourned**.
• The mutilation of a dead child was done to alter **Re-incarnation**.
• The study of urban culture involves an **Interdisciplinary approach**.

Ethnic Groups & Practices

• The name **Yoruba** was first applied to **Oyo** sub-groups.
• The **Hausa** are found in states like **Kebbi, Kaduna, Kano**.
• The ethnic **Ijaw** are concentrated mainly in **Delta & Bayelsa** states.
• The **Yoruba** ethnic group encouraged the groom's family to entertain both families at the point of marriage.
• Among **Cross River people**, a common marriage practice was **Fattening**.
• In the **Igbo** culture, the prospective bride is given a cup of palm-wine for her groom.

Women's Roles & Rights

• The **General Babangida Administration** did a lot to foster the **rights and image of Nigerian women**.
• What hindered gender solidarity amongst women following independence were **party, religious and ethnic allegiances**.
• Nigerian women made contributions to **school, church, and national development**, but not the **building of pyramids**.
• While men dominated Christian services in various churches and denominations, **women played key roles in the traditional religion**.
• In both Old Oyo and New Oyo under the Alafin, women titled office-holders played an important role in **palace administration**.
• Women were generally engaged in crafts such as **dyeing, pottery, cosmetics, and bead-making**, but not **banking**.
• Colonial women's organizations protested against **women's taxation, high market dues, and overzealous warrant chiefs**.
• Women made independent decisions to engage in **local and long distance trade**, which in turn brought prosperity to their family and local communities.

Religion & Colonial Influence

Missionary Activities & Christianity

• European and American missionaries introduced Christianity to Nigeria in the **19th century**.
• Relics of early missionary activities, according to J. F. Ade Ajayi, included the **First Storey Building in Badagry**.
• Indigenous Pentecostal Churches in the 20th century included Deeper Life Christian Ministry, Redeemed Christian Church of God, and Church of God Missions, but not the **Christian Missionary Society (CMS)**.
• The most intolerant Christian group on matters of faith is considered to be **The Pentecostals**.
• The first black man to be consecrated as an Anglican Bishop was **Samuel Ajayi Crowther**.

Islam

• One true statement about Islam in Nigeria is that **there was Islam in Nupe kingdom before the 18th century**.
• The practice of pouring libations on rocks, religious polytheism, and venerating trees and rocks were widespread in pre-jihad Hausaland, but **Christian missionary activities** were not.

"Native Churches" Movement

• The attitude of white priests in foreign Pentecostal Churches in Nigeria led to the establishment of **"African" or "Native" Churches**.
• The establishment of "Nigerian Native Churches" was an indication that Nigerians could **throw off the yoke of "spiritual or religious" colonialism**.

Colonial Motives & Administration

• The major motive for European colonial presence in Nigeria was **economic**.
• The main motive for the British occupation of Northern Nigeria was to **promote their economic, political, and strategic interests**.
• The **pre-colonial labour system** in many communities in Nigeria did not attract **wages or remuneration**.
• Urbanization in colonial cities led to an increase in railroads, cinema houses, and hotels, but not **Adire fabrics**.
• The **Indirect Rule system** encouraged the **supremacy of the traditional rulers**.
• **Benjamin Nnamdi Azikiwe** argued that education should be the **first point of reforms in post-war reconstruction in British West Africa**.

Economy

• Until 1967, **Agriculture** was the mainstay of the Nigerian economy.
• **Trade associations** were also known as **Guilds**.
• The company that pioneered and facilitated rubber production in Sapele was **The Miller Brothers**.

Political Systems & Governance

• Every production system has a corresponding **political system**.
• One effect of corruption in Nigeria is **election rigging**.
• The current anti-corruption institution in Nigeria was established by **Chief Olusegun Obasanjo**.
• A situation that encourages pressure from ethnic members to subvert due process is **Nepotism**.
• Any attempt to manipulate laid down procedures in order to benefit oneself is **Nepotism**.
• The legal system encourages corruption through ways like rewarding the unjust, being incapable of punishing offenders, and being slow to address grievances, but not when it is **capable of pursuing justice and equity**.
• All factors except **good neighborliness** are causes of religious crises in Nigeria (ignorance, fanaticism, incitements are causes).